Lake Elmo Airport 3275 Manning Ave N. , Lake Elmo , MN
FLIGHT TRAINING/OPERATIONS SAFETY POLICY AND PROCEDURES
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
1.
General
1.1. About
This Manual
1.2. Terms
2.
Rules
of Conduct for Students and Flight Instructors
2.1. Personal
Conduct
2.2. Tobacco
Products
2.3. Intoxicants
2.4. Drugs
or Narcotics
2.5. Blood/Plasma
Donations/Transfusions
2.6. Required
Clothing
3.1. Line
Operations
3.2. Frost
and Snow on Aircraft
3.3. Fuel
Sampling
3.4. Engine
Preheat
3.5. Hand
Propping Aircraft
3.6. Preflight
Actions
3.7. Entering/Exiting
Aircraft
3.8. Engine
Start
3.9. Intersection
Takeoffs
3.10.
Taxi Turn-around
3.11.
Aircraft Parking Policy
3.12.
Aircraft Status Reporting
3.13.
Securing Aircraft After Flight
4.1.
4.2. Aircraft
Radio Identification
4.3. Student
Pilot Radio Identification
4.4. Emergency
frequencies
5.1. Airport
Operations
5.2. Student
Crew Training
5.3. Carriage
of Passengers
5.4. Student
Currency for Solo Operations
5.5. Icing
Conditions
5.6. Re-dispatching
After Un-programmed Landings
5.7. Transfer
of Aircraft Control
6.1. Weather
Minimum Waivers
6.2. Local
Weather minimums (DUAL)
6.3. Local
Weather Minimums (SOLO)
6.4. Fuel
Reserves – Local Area
6.5. VMC
Departure Procedures at
6.6. Practice
Area Boundary Definitions
6.7. Temperature/Wind
Chill Limitations
6.8. Collision
Avoidance
6.9. Night
Traffic Pattern Operations
6.10Radar Service
6.10.
Reporting Points and Procedures
7.1. Cross-Country
Weather Minimums
7.2. Cross
Country Planning Procedures
7.3. Cross
Country Sign-Off Procedures
7.4. Overnight
Cross-Countries
7.5. Route
Deviation or Delays
7.6. Cross
Country Limitations
7.7. Fuel
Purchasing
7.8. Winter
Approved Airports for Cross Countries
7.9.
8.1. Deteriorating
Weather
8.2. Forced
Landing
8.3. Engine Fire on Start
8.4. Loss of
Communication
8.5. Lost
Procedures
8.6. Auxiliary Fields
8.7. Flight
Assistance Request
8.8. Emergency
Assumption of Control
8.9
Emergency
Operations in IMC
9.
Accident/Incident/Occurrence
Procedures
9.1. Accident/Incident/Occurrence
Notification
9.2. Personal
Injury/Death Situations
9.3. Guidelines
for Personnel Involved in an Accident, Incident, or Occurrence
1.1 About
This Manual
The
purpose of this manual is to clarify and familiarize policies and procedures,
which are in effect for Flight Training/Operations at Valters Aviation at Lake Elmo
Airport (K21D).
1.2 Terms
PIC
– Pilot in Command
SOF
– Supervisor of Flight
SIC
– Second in Command
PNF
– Pilot Not Flying
PF
– Pilot Flying
ATC
– Air Traffic Control
FAA
– Federal Aviation Administration
NTSB
– National Transportation Safety Board
21D
–
FAR
– Federal Aviation Regulations
IAW
– In Accordance With
IMC
– Instrument Meteorological Conditions
VMC
– Visual Meteorological Conditions
Crewmember
– Any Individual Occupying a Seat in an Aicraft
Section2:
RULES OF CONDUCT FOR STUDENTS AND
FLIGHT INSTRUCTORS
2.1
Personal Conduct
While
either giving or receiving Flight Training, or any time you are on Valters
Aviation premises, you are expected to treat every individual with
respect, courtesy, and professionalism, regardless of position.
2.2
Tobacco Products
Use
of tobacco products is prohibited in all Valters Aviation buildings,
including Flight Operations, Maintenance, aircraft hangers, in any aircraft,
near any fuel source, and on the tarmac area.
2.3
Intoxicants
Use
of alcohol products or other intoxicants within 12 hours of flying is
prohibited. NO personnel may be intoxicated or suffering the effects of
intoxication when reporting for flight training. NO Pilot in Command
(PIC) may allow a person who is obviously under the influence of alcohol or
other intoxicants to be carried aboard any Valters Aviation
aircraft for any reason.
2.4
Drugs or Narcotics
2.4.1
Use or possession of drugs or narcotics
is prohibited except upon prescription and under the direct supervision of a
medical physician. The use or possession of any other drugs which may adversely
affect the physical or mental faculties in any manner,
is prohibited except under prescription and the direction of a medical
physician.
2.4.2
The term “Narcotics” includes cannabis
sativia, marijuana, and every compound and substance thereof.
2.4.3
The term “drugs” includes, but is not
limited to, the following:
2.4.4
Antihistamines, barbital compounds, sulfa
compounds, antibiotics, anticonvulsants, antihypertensives, reducing drugs,
rauwolfia, cortisone or acht compounds, mood altering drugs, prescription
tranquilizers, hallucinogenic compounds, and amphetamines (speed, pep pills,
uppers, etc.).
2.4.5
Upon first usage of a controlled
substance under medical direction, the crewmember shall be removed from flight
operations, and shall refrain from performing any flight operations until such
time that they are physically and mentally fit to resume flying duties.
2.5
Blood/Plasma Donations or Transfusions
Due
to temporary lowering of the oxygen carrying capability of blood following a
blood/plasma donation or transfusion, in no case will any flight crewmember be
allowed to fly within 72 hours after a blood/plasma donation or transfusion.
2.6
Clothing for Crewmembers
2.6.1
When the outside air temperature is below
freezing, all flight crewmembers on training flights will include:
A winter jacket
A winter hat
A pair of winter gloves
Boots (may be worn or brought onboard and
stowed)
2.6.2
Sandals will not be worn in the aircraft
during training flights.
3.1
Line Operations
3.1.1
Only persons who have
been trained may open any aircraft storage
Hanger door.
3.1.2
Only persons who
have been trained are allowed to remove aircraft from any aircraft storage
hanger.
3.1.3
NO CREWMEMBER WILL OCCUPY ANY AIRCRAFT
THAT IS BEING TOWED.
3.1.4
NO PERSON WILL BE ABOARD ANY AIRCRAFT
THAT IS BEING FUELED AT ANY TIME FOR ANY REASON.
3.1.5
ALL AIRCRAFT ELECTRICAL SWITCHES WILL BE
TURNED OFF, AND PROPER GROUNDING WIRE ATTACHED TO A NON-PAINTED AIRCRAFT
SURFACE, PRIOR TO BEGINNING ANY FUEL TRANSFER PROCESS.
3.1.6
It is also very important that the
aircraft dispatch book be checked
before every flight to
ensure all appropriate inspections have been
complied with. FAILURE TO DO
SO MAY COMPROMISE
SAFETY
OF FLIGHT AND/OR VIOLATE FAR 91.3.
3.2
Frost and Snow on Aircraft
3.2.1
No pilot may take off in any aircraft
that has frost, snow, ice, or snow adhering to any propeller, wing, windshield,
stabilizing or control surface, any powerplant installation, or to any
airspeed, altimeter, rate-of-climb, or flight attitude instrument system,
EXCEPT under the following conditions:
3.2.1.1
At the discretion of the PIC, airplanes
may take off with frost adhering to the wings or stabilizing/controlling surfaces,
if the frost has been polished to make it smooth.
3.2.2
No pilot may take off in an aircraft and
fly from VMC to IMC any
time conditions are such that frost, ice, or
snow may be reasonably
expected to adhere to the
aircraft UNLESS:
1.The
aircraft is certified into known icing conditions with
appropriate equipment installed and operating normally.
3.2.3
The term may reasonably be expected means:
1.
Information the pilot actually knows regarding icing conditions
such as outside temperature, visible moisture, and reports
from
other pilots, or information the pilot should know such as
all
available weather information.
3.2.4
No abrasive tool such as brooms, credit
cards, or scrapers will
be used at any time to remove ice, snow or frost
from any aircraft
window surface. Brooms only
are to be used to remove ice, snow
or frost from and other aircraft surface.
3.3
Fuel sampling
When
sampling fuel tanks and strainers use the following procedures:
1.
If the aircraft fuel sample proves to be
satisfactory (i.e. no
evidence of water or
contaminants) and the correct color,
return the sample to the fuel tank.
2.
Should the sample show evidence of
contamination, discard the sample by poring it into one of the fuel evaporator
containers provided on the tarmac. Continue this procedure until an acceptable
sample is obtained
3.
After refueling, wait five minutes before
refueling to allow sediment and/or water to sink to the bottom.
3.4 Engine Preheat
When
temperatures are below 20 degrees F, preheat should be used whenever possible
to facilitate quick starts and reduce engine wear.
3.5
Hand Propping Aircraft
Due
to the inherent adverse effects on safety, no student or instructor will hand
prop aircraft at any time.
3.6
Preflight Actions
3.6.1
Preflight and postflight briefings will
be accomplished for every flight.
3.6.2
Airplane weight and balance will be
calculated.
3.6.3
Airplane takeoff and landing performance
will be calculated.
3.7
Entering and Exiting Aircraft
No person will enter or exit any aircraft
with an engine running.
3.8
Engine start
When
starting, do not allow the tail of the airplane to be pointed toward any open
hanger, other aircraft, or persons on the tarmac. Prop blast should always be directed
toward an unobstructed and/or unoccupied direction.
3.9
Intersection takeoffs
Are not authorized unless directed by an ATC facility.
3.10 Taxi Turn-around
Pilots
will not attempt to make 180 degree turns on taxiways. Aircraft will be shut
down and repositioned by hand.
3.11 Aircraft Parking Policy
Aircraft
will be parked in such a way as not to cause a collision hazard with other
aircraft. Aircraft will be parked in front of fuel pumps only when fuel us
required. All aircraft will be chocked at the nose-wheel when parked. Chocks
will be stowed in aircraft when taken for a flight. Aircraft in hanger are not
required to be chocked.
3.12 Aircraft Status Reporting
Any
discrepancies noted by crewmembers will be immediately relayed to dispatch
and/or maintenance so corrective action can be taken promptly, or the aircraft
removed from operation for repair.
All
discrepancies will be cleared by an appropriate mechanic before the aircraft is
returned to service.
3.13 Securing Fixed-Wing aircraft After Flight
3.13.1 The
PIC is responsible to ensure the aircraft is properly parked and secured
3.13.2 Aircraft controls will be secured whenever
parked, regardless of wind conditions. If a control lock is not available, use
the seat belt.
3.13.3 Parked aircraft will be chocked at the nose-wheel,
regardless of wind conditions
3.13.4 Winds in excess of 29kts or forecast
thunderstorms will require all aircraft to be tied down, or placed in a secure
hanger.
3.13.5 Postflight walk-arounds will be completed
after every flight by the PIC. Any discrepancies should be reported to
dispatch.
4.1 Frequency Listing
4.1.1
4.1.2
4.1.3 Emergency Frequency: 121.5
This frequency (121.5) will be used only when
all other assistance options have been exhausted.
4.1.4 Practice Area Frequencies to be announced
4.2 Aircraft Radio Identification
All aircraft will identify themselves using the
appropriate aircraft tail number preceded by aircraft type. Example: “
4.3 Student Pilot Radio Identification
In order to help student pilots acquire
practical experience, ATC facilities may provide extra assistance and consideration
as necessary. To take advantage of this consideration, student pilots should on
initial contact with any ATC facility, identify themselves as “Student Pilot”
on all solo flights when utilizing ATC. Example: “St Paul Approach, Archer
8395H is 10 to the east at 2500 feet, inbound for full stop with information
Alpha, student pilot.”
Section 5: FLIGHT OPERATIONS/GENERAL
5.1 Airport Operations
5.1.1
Training flights must utilize airports
that have facilities available to meet all demands of the individual flight
(i.e. fuel, maintenance, e.t.c).
5.1.2
During all training for student pilots in
pursuit of a Private Pilot certificate with a single engine class rating, takeoff’s and landings will be to a full stop and taxi back
on all runways less than 3,000 feet.
5.1.3
During all training and/or checkout in
complex or multi-engine aircraft, takeoff’s and
landings will be full stop and taxi back on all runways less than 3,000 feet.
5.1.4
All satellite airports will be closed to solo
student operations after periods of adverse weather or blowing snow until
dispatch can confirm landing conditions are satisfactory to allow student
operations.
5.1.5
TAXI:
On all tarmacs and taxiways, taxi will be performed at a cautious speed so when
the throttle is closed the aircraft can be stopped promptly and safely.
5.1.6
TAKEOFFS:
All takeoffs must meet appropriate takeoff distance
performance requirements, including accelerate stop/go. In absence of published
data, runway length may not be less than twice that required for takeoff.
5.1.7
LANDINGS:
Touchdowns will be planned no less than 200 feet from the
approach end of the runway, and within the first third of the runway.
5.1.8
GO-AROUNDS:
If a stabilized approach is not assured by 100 feet above
the ground, the PIC is required to execute an immediate go-around.
5.2 Additional Student Operation Requirements
5.2.1
Student pilots will perform full-stop
landings on all solo flights whenever the runway length is less than 4,000
feet.
5.2.2
Student pilot solo flights will be conducted
in VMC only.
5.2.3
Student pilot solo flights will not carry
passengers at any time during training.
5.2.4
Day Currency: a Student Pilot must log a
day dual flight with a Flight Instructor in make and model within the last 30
days.
5.2.5
Night Currency: a Student Pilot must log
a night dual flight with a Flight Instructor in make and model within the last
30 days.
5.2.6
Student Pilots will carry an appropriate
logbook, along with medical and student pilot certificates on all solo flights.
5.3 Additional Non-Student Operations
Requirements.
5.3.1
Any individual requesting a checkout in
any Valters
Aviation aircraft will be required to meet the following:
5.3.1.1
Produce an appropriate FAA Pilot
Certificate for the checkout sought.
5.3.1.2
Produce a current and valid FAA Medical
Certificate.
5.3.1.3
Produce an appropriate logbook for review
as required.
5.3.1.4
Complete the required checkout
familiarization form.
5.3.1.5
Complete all flight tasks as required by
the instructor safely and
within minimum standards as
outlined in the appropriate FAA PTS booklet.
5.4 Icing Conditions
5.4.1
When an aircrafts flight manual prohibits
flight into icing conditions, the PIC will not enter IMC or areas of
precipitation when icing conditions are being reported or forecast. The
forecast of icing conditions is sufficient to determine that icing does exist
regardless of the number of PIREPS reporting no ice.
5.4.2
Aircraft may conduct VMC operations in
the 21D traffic pattern when forecast icing conditions exist but none are being
reported in the area.
5.5. Redispatching after Unprogrammed Landings, both On and Off
Airports.
A
Student Pilot will be authorized to land only at the airports approved for that
flight by their Flight Instructor. In the event a student must land at an
airport other than the one that is approved, they must contact dispatch as soon
as practicable to inform Valters Aviation of the situation.
Call 651-777-1399 to contact dispatch. Inform dispatch of the situation and
request instructions. In the event the aircraft must be abandoned, the aircraft
will be secured in any way feasible (i.e. hanger or tie-down) to protect it
from damage from adverse weather conditions.
5.5 Transfer of Aircraft Control
The
PIC must continuously maintain a defensive position and be prepared to take
control of the aircraft in an instant of time. When transferring command
control of the aircraft, the pilot transferring will state “You have control.”
This will be acknowledged by the pilot taking command with, “I have control.”
This will be confirmed by the pilot originally transferring command with, “You
have control.”
Section 6: LOCAL AREA OPERATIONS
6.1
Local
Weather Minimums (DUAL)
6.1.1 VFR Day:
as per FAR 91
6.1.2 VFR
Night: as per FAR 91
6.1.3 IFR Day:
published landing minimums
6.1.4 IFR
Night: 200 ft. and ½ mile respectively above the published
landing minimums.
6.1.5 Wind
Limits:
30 kts. total wind component
20 kts. crosswind
component
When taking off or landing on
ice-covered runways where the
braking
action is reported as POOR, the crosswind component
will not
exceed half of the aircrafts demonstrated crosswind
component.
6.1.6
Tarmac/Taxiway/Runway Conditions: Fixed wing flight training will
cease
whenever any of these surfaces are reported to have:
½ inch standing water
¾ inch slush or snow
Braking action reported nil
6.1.7 No
aircraft will be dispatched whenever thunderstorms are reported
within 5
miles of 21D. Flight within 15 miles of thunderstorms is
prohibited.
6.2 Local Weather Minimums (SOLO)
6.2.1 Student Pilots – Working on Private
Certificate
6.2.1.1
Traffic Pattern: 1800 feet ceiling, 6
miles visibility.
6.2.1.2
Local Flights: 3000 feet ceiling, 8 miles
visibility.
6.2.1.3
Wind Limit: 15 kts or logbook endorsement
for higher, not to exceed 28 kts. Each student logbook must contain a maximum
crosswind component. This endorsement is goof for 120 days.
6.2.2 Private Pilots - Working on Commercial or Instrument
6.2.2.1
Traffic Pattern day: 1500 feet ceiling, 4
miles visibility.
6.2.2.2
Traffic Pattern night: 1800 feet ceiling,
9 miles visibility.
6.2.2.3
Local Flight day: 2200 feet ceiling, 6
miles visibility.
6.2.2.4
Local flight night: 2800 feet ceiling, 7
miles visibility.
6.2.2.5
Wind Limit: 20 kts. Or logbook
endorsement for higher, not to exceed 28 kts. Each logbook must contain a
crosswind endorsement. This endorsement is valid for 120 days.
6.3 Fuel Reserves
All
flights will land with a minimum of 45 minutes reserve fuel remaining.
6.4 VMC Departure from 21D
All
aircraft will follow recommended departure procedures for a non-controlled airport
as stipulated in the Airman’s Information Manual (AIM).
6.5 Practice Area Boundaries – To be Announced.
6.6 Temperature and Wind Chill Limitations
Temperature Wind Chill Limitations
Above
+10 degree F Above 0 degrees F none
+10
to -10 degrees F 0 to -15 degrees
F DUAL Only
Below
-10 degrees F Below -15 degrees F NO FLY
6.7 Collision Avoidance
Landing
lights will be used at all times when within 5 miles of any airport
6.8 City Over-flights
Aircraft
passing populated areas will attempt to avoid flight below 1500 AGL whenever
possible.
6.9 Night Traffic Pattern Operations
6.9.1
Only lighted runways will be used.
6.9.2
Taxi/Landing lights will be used during ground operations except when the PIC determines that their use
would cause a hazard to other aircraft.
Section 7: CROSS COUNTRY OPERATIONS
7.1
Cross Country Weather Minimums
7.1.1 Takeoff
and Landing Minimums for Dual Cross Countries
7.1.1.1 VFR
Day: As per Part 91
7.1.1.2 VFR
Night: 3000 feet ceiling/5 miles visibility
7.1.1.3 IFR
Day: Published landing minimums
7.1.1.4 IFR
Night: 400feet and 1 mile respectively above the published
landing minimums.
7.1.2 Weather
Minimums for Solo Cross Countries
7.1.2.1 Student
Pilots
1.
VFR Day: 4000 feet ceilings/8 miles
visibility
2.
VFR Night: NOT AUTHORIZED
3.
Wind Limits: 15 knots of endorsement for
higher. Each endorsement must contain a maximum crosswind endorsement. This
endorsement is valid for120 days.
7.1.2.2 Private
Pilots working on Advanced Ratings/Certificates
1.
VFR Day: 3000 feet ceilings/5miles
visibility
2.
VFR Night: 6000 feet ceilings/10 miles
visibility
3.
IFR Day: Published landing minimums
4.
IFR Night: 400feet and 1 mile
respectively above published landing minimums.
5.
Wind Limits: 20 knots or endorsement for
higher. Each endorsement must contain a maximum crosswind endorsement. This
endorsement is valid for120 days.
7.2
Cross Country Planning Procedures
7.2.1 Cross
country flights will land with a minimum of 45 minutes fuel
reserve.
7.2.2 Cross-country
flights will file and activate an appropriate VFR or IFR
flight plan
for each and every cross country flight.
7.2.3 All
airports used for cross country will have the following minimum
services:
1.
Be attended
2.
S2, S3, or S4 maintenance available
3.
Have the appropriate services for type of
aircraft flown (i.e. appropriate fuel, e.t.c.).
4.
Have snow removal equipment for winter
ops.
5.
Have a minimum runway length of 3000 feet
solo, 2500 feet dual.
7.2.4 All
flights returning after hours will advise dispatch prior to departure.
7.2.5 Student
pilots will not file IFR flight plans for solo flights.
7.3
Cross Country Sign-Off Procedures
7.3.1
Instructors should sign off their own students.
7.3.2 Instructors
may have another Instructor sign off a student, if prior
coordination is accomplished.
7.3.3
Instructors will only endorse and authorize the cross country on the
day of the
flight, and only after all flight planning is completed.
7.4
Overnight Cross Countries
7.4.1 There
will be no overnight Student Pilot cross country flights.
7.4.2 Private
Pilots working on advanced Ratings/Certificates may
perform
overnight cross countries with Instructor approval.
7.4.3 Dispatch
will be advised of all overnight cross country flights
prior to
departure.
7.4.4 Minimum
services are required for all overnight cross countries,
as well as proper steps taken tom ensure
the aircraft will remain secure and undamaged (i.e. tie downs, chocks, doors locked,
e.t.c.).
7.5
Route Deviations or Delays
7.5.1 Those
cross countries that deviate from the approved route, will upon landing advise
dispatch immediately of the deviation. The Instructor will also be notified. Call 651-777-1399 for dispatch.
7.5.2 Should a
flight be delayed, the pilot will be responsible for all costs
not directly
associated with the aircraft (i.e. lodging, meals, ground transport).
7.6
Cross Country Limitations
7.6.1 General
1.
Navigation logs will be completed, reviewed,
and critiqued by the Instructor for all training flights.
2.
When an aircraft is left unattended at an
airport other that 21D, ensure it is secured IAW with 3.13 and 7.4.4.
7.7
Fuel Purchasing
7.7.1 Pilots
making cross countries should ensure that they have proper
funds
required to complete the flight (i.e. cash, credit cards, e.t.c.).
7.7.2 All cross
country pilots are recommended to carry at least one
personal
credit card in case of emergency.
7.7.3 Fuel
receipts must have the aircraft N-number, student name, and
signature
prior to surrender to dispatch.
7.7.4 Pilots
will be reimbursed for aircraft related costs necessary for the
flight (i.e.
fuel, oil, maintenance e.t.c.). Submit receipts to dispatch
upon return to 21D for reimbursement.
7.8
Winter Approved Airports
7.8.1 All
airports used for winter cross countries will meet all minimum
standards as
previously stated, as well as ensuring a open and
plowed
runway, taxiway, and tarmac areas.
7.9
7.9.1 When the
Density Altitude is such that the runway length is less than
the takeoff distance X 2.5, the takeoff will
not be attempted. In addition, a minimum of 300ft/min climb rate is required.
Section
8: EMERGENCY OPERATIONS
8.1
Deteriorating Weather
8.1.1 If you
encounter deteriorating weather, remain calm. Maintain
aircraft
control at all times.
8.1.2 Maneuver
as required to escape the weather. Often this requires
a 180 degree
turn. Maintain aircraft control.
8.1.3 Determine
position and closest suitable airport. Maintain aircraft
control.
8.1.4 Land
aircraft and contact dispatch or your instructor Call
(651)-777-1399 for
dispatch. Maintain aircraft control.
8.2
Forced Landings
8.2.1 Minimum
recovery altitude for simulated emergency landing
practice will
be 500 feet AGL.
8.2.2 In the
event of an actual forced landing, unless you can spot
a farmhouse
or other signs of civilization, REMAIN WITH THE
AIRCRAFT.
Staying with the aircraft will afford shelter and
provide a
larger target for Search and Rescue operations.
8.2.3 Ensure
that the ELT is placed in the ON position.
8.2.4 Make use
of as much of the available equipment as possible
to give best
chance of survival. Remain calm. Search and
Rescue will find you.
8.3
Engine Fire on Start
8.3.1 The
majority of fires associated with the engine are a result of
over-priming
during start and occur on the tarmac area. Following
proper
priming procedures will lessen the chance of
a fire occurring.
follow
appropriate P.O.H. guidelines for your aircraft to snuff out
an engine
fire. DO NOT ATTEMPT TO RESTART THE ENGINE
ONCE THE FIRE HAS
BEEN EXTINGUISHED.
8.4
Loss of Communications
8.4.1 If
communications are lost, land at the nearest suitable airport,
preferably an
uncontrolled airport, and contact dispatch
immediately (651)-777-1399. Be
sure to call Flight Service and
cancel your flight plan if you
are on a cross country.
8.5
Lost Procedure
8.5.1 Always
carry current and available sectional charts to help avoid
confusion
about one’s position when in flight.
8.5.2 Should
you become disoriented, DON’T PANIC. Try to orient
yourself using pilotage and
navigational aids.
8.5.3 If unable
to locate your position, contact the appropriate controlling
agency and
advise them of your situation. Follow instructions
and request vectors to
destination.
8.5.4 If you
are fuel critical, request vectors to the nearest suitable airport
within range of
your remaining fuel.
8.5.5 If unable
to contact anyone, transmit 7700 on your transponder,
and transmit
“in the blind” on 121.5 requesting assistance.
8.5.6. Keep a
close eye on your fuel and make a precautionary landing
in a suitable
area if no airport is available, BEFORE EXHAUSTING
YOUR FUEL
SUPPLY. DO NOT LET THE LACK OF FUEL
CHOOSE THE FIELD FOR YOU.
8.6
Unsafe Landing Gear Indications
8.6.1 Most
unsafe landing gear indications are traced to minor defects
in the
indicating system. Follow prescribed procedures in the
appropriate P.O.H. Any unsafe
indication should be treated as
an emergency, with appropriate
action taken.
8.6.2 If
possible, try to overfly a runway and have a ground observer
visually check the condition of
the landing gear. THIS
PROCEDURE MAY NOT GIVE A VALID
DOWN AND LOCKED
CONDITION OF THE GEAR.
8.6.3 Advise
appropriate maintenance and line personnel to have towing
equipment available after
landing.
8.6.4 AFTER THE
AIRCRFT HAS LANDED, MINIMIZE USE OF
BRAKES, SHUT DOWN THE ENGINE(S),
ROLL TO A STOP
ON THE RUNWAY. DO NOT ATTEMPT TO
TAXI CLEAR
OF RUNWAY UNLESS AN ADDITIONAL
EMERGENCY
EXISTS.
8.6.5 Have
maintenance lock-pin the gear, and the aircraft towed
to the
appropriate repair facility.
8.7
Auxiliary Fields
8.7.1 Should this situation
arise at a field other that 21D, follow the
previously stated procedures,
and contact dispatch immediately.
Call (651)-777-1399.
8.8.
Flight Assistance Request.
8.8.1 Should a pilot
request assistance from ATC, they will inform their
instructor upon landing to
discuss the situation.
8.9
Emergency Assumption of Control
Assumption of command is a serious
business. It is not to be confused with assumption of control. Assumption of
control occurs when the PNF spots opposing traffic, takes the controls, turns
the aircraft out of harms way, levels out, points out the traffic to the PF,
and returns the controls to them. It is temporary, commendable, and part of the
responsibility of the PNF.
There is only one such situation that
warrants the SIC (PNF) to assume command, and that is the incapacitation of the
PIC (PF). Such a problem can take both physical and mental incapacitation. The
PNF must be ready to assume command and control whenever possible. Each pilot
should be aware of each others physical and mental state, and ready to confront
each other should an aberration be observed. Ideally The PF would transfer
control of the aircraft to the PNF through verbal authorization. However, the
PNF should be prepared to take command and control should the PF demonstrate
unsatisfactory or unsafe physical or mental conditions to ensure the
preservation of property and life.
8.10
Emergency Operations in IMC
8.10.1 Due to
the disorienting conditions that can be associated with IMC,
the following
maneuvers are prohibited while operating in IMC:
1.
Engine Failures
2.
Navigation Failures
3.
Communication Failures
4.
Instrument Failures
5.
Unusual Attitudes
Section 9: ACCIDENT/INCIDENT/OCCURENCE
PROCEDURES
9.1
Accident/Incident/Occurrence Notification
9.1.1 In the
event of an accident/incident/occurrence, contact dispatch
immediately at (651)-777-1399.
9.1.2 If you
are involved in an accident/incident/occurrence, DO NOT
DISCUSS
THE MATTER WITH ANYONE ELSE. DO NOT
MAKE ANY STATEMENTS OR COMMENTS TO MEMBERS OF
THE PRESS.
9.1.3 In the
event of an aircraft damage/mechanical difficulty, contact
dispatch to
get clearance to have the aircraft repaired if at an airport
other that
21D.
9.2
Personal Injury/Death Situations
9.2.1 If a
personal injury or death situation arises, the first concern is to
see to the care of those
involved. Contact emergency services via
911 when possible. Maintain
personal safety.
9.3
Guidelines for Personnel Involved in an Accident/Incident/Occurrence.
9.3.1 Contact
dispatch immediately (651)-777-1399
9.3.2 Never
make a statement to the press.
9.3.3 If
pressed for a statement, request legal representation before
speaking to any Law Enforcement
Agency, the FAA, or NTSB.
9.3.4 Never
relinquish your certificate to ANYONE. A formal procedure
is required before your
certificate can be taken.
9.3.5 You are obligated to assist the NTSB in its investigation of the
accident, but not at the expense
of your own personal rights. Be alert
to the fact
that you may be in shock and not know it. Have a
objective
individual ensure your physical
and mental state before making any
statements, or taking any
action.
9.3.6 In the
event you agree to an informal interview with the FAA, you should secure a written statement from
the FAA representative that
nothing you say will be used
against you in a certificate action or
civil penalty proceeding.
9.3.7 Fill out an
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) form
within 10 days of the accident/incident/occurrence. Keep a copy
for your records. Follow legal
counsel advice.
9.3.8 Preserve
all flight documents, evidence, and records relating to the
situation. Record the names and
addresses of all witnesses, hostile or
otherwise. Make copies for
personal use, and never relinquish them.